Spring.



No. 755,729; PATENTED MAR. 29,1904.

0. D. WHITE.

SPRING. APPLICATION rum 'APR. 12.1903.

no nonr m.

Patented March 29, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE. I

ORVANDO D. WHITE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SPRING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent 1\l'0. 755,729, dated March29, 1904.

Application filed April 13, 1903. Serial No. 152,299- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ORVANDO D. WHITE, a

I citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county ofCook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Springs, of which the follow ing is a specification.

My invention relates to upholstery-springs I making or springingupspring-beds, sofas, couches, and like articles of furniture the springstructure consists of a series of springsupports of any suitable formand size, according to the character of the article to be pro' duced,and a series of springs of either the ordinary inverted -cone shape orsingle-spiral type or the double-spiral or hour-glass type mounted onthe supports in any suitablemam ner and usually having their upperportions or top coils connectedcby suitable. twine or brace-wires ofvarious forms to give rigidity to the structure. When the ordinaryinvertedcone-shaped springs, each consisting of a single series of coilsor convolutions enlarging in diameter from the bottom coil toward thetop coil, are employed, the spring effect is all obtained in the two orthree large coils near the top, as the lower coils are so small andclosely wound that under ordinary strains they do not yield perceptibly,and hence the effective spring port-ion of the structure is limited tothe upper or soft coils of the springs. This fact is so well recognizedamong manufacturers of springwork that springs of the singlecone typeare commonly known as half-springs. In the ordinary hour-glass spring,which consists of two cone-shaped springs united at their smallest coilsor a double series of convolutions enlarging in diameter on each side ofa common line, the spring efiect is increased over the single-conespring above described by reason of the duplication of the soft coils atthe top and bottom of the spring; but when these springs are mounted inplace on the spring-supports the convolutions next to the bottom coilsare forced in contact with the supports every time a spring iscompressed, and the result is a springs upon supports of this character.

thumping or pounding noise that is disagreeable and has rendered thistype of spring to a large extent unsaleable. Moreover, when thehour-glass form of spring is employed the springs are attached to thesupports at their greatest circumference or largest ends, therebynecessitating the employment of supports having extendedbearing-surfaces, such as wide slats. In the most approved forms ofspringwork as now constructed metallic supports, usually in the form ofwires, are employed, and it is inexpedient and often impracticable toproperly assemble hour glass In making springwork it is advisable anddesirable to have the small ends of the springs in contact with thesupporting-wires, as this arrangement forms a more compact and rigidconnection between the parts, which occupy less space than where thelarge coils or ends coact with the supports. It is obvious that wiresupports acting in conjunction with the small ends of the springs aremore desirable than wooden slats or wide flat metallic strips adapted tosupport the larger ends of the springs.

The object of my invention is to provide a new type or form ofupholstery-spring; and the invention consists in the matters hereinafterdescribed, and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawing the. figure shows an elevation of anupholstery-spring constructed according to my invention.

Referring to the drawing by reference-letters, A and B denote as a wholethe upper and lower sections, respectively, of a spring similar ingeneral outline and construction to the ordinary hour-glass ordouble-cone spring, each section being composed ofa suitable number ofcoils, specifically designated by the letters a, a, a and a for thesection A and 5, b, 6 and b for the section B. In practice I prefer tomake the coil bisomewhat less in series of convolutions specificallydesignated by the letters 0, 0, c and 0 it being understood that as manyof these auxiliary coils may be employed as is desired and that they maybe of any suitable size. The auxilary or supplemental coils are in thegeneral outline of an ordinary spiral or inverted-cone-shaped spring.

The method of seating the springs upon the supports may be varied in anysuitable manner. In the general use of these springs for beds, sofas,chairs, and other articles of furniture the springs are commonlyassembled with the reduced end of the auxiliary coils making theattachment with the supports. For this purposeI prefer to employ thescrewseat formed by the small or reduced auxiliary coil or convolution,adapted to interweave with the wire supportsmand y at their points ofcrossing, this being awell-known and highlyefficient form of connectionand one most generally in use. It is obvious that the springs mayconnect with the supports in any suitable manner. For example, theirends may be formed as dowels to enter holes or seats in the supports ormay terminate in eyes to be riveted to the supports or may otherwisecooperate with the supports. It is of course to be understood that thesprings may also be assembled with their large ends, as a constitutingthe bases resting on the supports and suitably connected thereto. Incar-seats, for

example, where slats are more commonly employed as the spring-supports,the springs may be assembled with their large ends as the bases and withthe auxiliary coils at the top. The springs are readily adapted for suchuse, as

the ends 0 may then be turned up as dowels or pins to enter holes in themetal bands commonly employed to form the tops of car-seats or mayterminate in eyes to receive the rivets by which the springs and bandsare sometimes united.

With springs constructed according to my invention I am enabled toutilize the soft coils of three ordinary single-cone springs, therebymaking a sensitive and resilient structure and at the same time providea small base for making the attachment to the supports, whereby thethumping or pounding noise incident to 'the use of the ordinaryhour-glass spring is entirely eliminated and the connection between thespring and its supports is much more rigid and compact than where anordinary hourglass spring is employed.

Having described my invention, what I claim is An upholstery-springcomposed of a single strand of wire coiled in three sections, eachsection having a set of relatively soft coils, two of the sectionsmeeting at their reduced ends and one of which sections is developed atits free end into an enlarged coil, and the third section springing fromthe base of the other of the first-mentioned sections and havingareduced end adapted to engage a suitable support.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ORVANDO D. WHITE.

W tnesses:

ELIZABETH MOLITOR, J. MCROBERTS.

